Electric regulation.



J. L. CREVELING.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

APPLICATION FILED NOV 5.1910.

Patented Apr. 11,1916.

r d v AEEEET INVENTOR WITNESSES: m M I MQM THE COLUMBIA PLANOOIAPH c0..WASHINGTON, D. C.

JOHN L. CREVELING, on NEW YORK, a. Y.,

ASSIGNOR TO SAFETY GAR HEATING AND LIGHTING COMPANY, A CORPORATION OFNEW JERSEY.

ELECTRIC REGULATION.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Apr. 11, 1916.

Application filed. November 5, 1910. Serial No. 590,835.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN L. Cnnvnnnve, a resident of New York, in thecounty and State of New York, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Electric Regulation, as set forth in the annexedspecification and drawing, forming a part thereof.

My invention pertains to that class of electric regulation wherein it isdesired to regulate an electric circuit in a predetermined manner.

My invention has for its particular object to provide means whereby thevoltage impressed upon a translating circuit may be held constantthrough changes in voltage at the source from which said circuit is fed.

As my invention is particularly applicable to that class of systemswherein a generator is used to charge a storage battery and operatelamps or other translating devices, it will be described with referenceto such a system.

In the drawing, Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation of one type ofsuch system employing my invention. Fig. 2 is a modified form of systememploying my invention.

In the drawing, Figs. 1 and 2, 1 represents a dynamo or generator, themain positive brush of which is indicated at 2.

3 represents the usual field winding which is shown as having in seriestherewith a variable resistance 4 indicated as a carbon pile, theoperation of which is well known in the art.

5 is an iron core surrounded by the solenoid 6 and normally pressed insuch direction as to compact the pile 4 and reduce its resistance as bymeans of adjustable screw 7. The coil 6, when energized, tends to movethe core 5 against the action of spring '7 and increase the resistance 4and prevent the generator voltage from exceeding a. certainpredetermined amount, which may be adjusted as by means of spring 7,inasmuch as the coil 8 is in shunt across the generator as indicated bymeans of wires 8 and 9. 10 represents a similar core normally pressed asby adjustable spring 11 in such direction as to tend to compact the pile4 and decrease the resistance thereof. The coil 12, surrounding core 11,when energized, tends to move the same against the action of spring 11so as to decrease the pressure upon the carbon pile at and prevent thegenerator current output eXceeding a certain predetermined limit,adjustable as by spring 11 inasmuch as the said winding 12- is in serieswith the generator.

15, the opposite end of which is in electrical connection with themovable member 16 from which the main 17 iscarried to one side of thelamps or other translating devices 18. the opposite side of which iscarried to the main 19 in communication with the negative side ofstorage battery 14 and one terminal of the automatic switch 20. Theopposite terminal of the automatic switch 20 is connected as by the wire21, through the coil 12 with the negative brush of the generator. thestorage battery 14, as for example the plate 22, the wire 23 is led toone end of the carbon pile 24:, the other end of which is in electricalcommunication with the member 16. The movable member 16 is carried uponthe pivoted lever 25 which is normally drawn downwardly by theadjustable spring 26 insuch manner as tocompress pile 15 and relieve thepressure on the pile 2 1; this action tending to reduce the resistanceof the pile 15 and simultaneously increase the resistance of the pile24:. The lever 25 carries the core of iron 27, surrounded by thesolenoid 28 in shunt across the translation circuit as indicated. Thesolenoid 28, when energized, tends to lift the core 27 and thus decreasethe pressure upon the pile 15 and increase the pressure upon the pile24.

In Fig. 2, the positive generator lead 29 is shown as carried from thepositive brush 2 to the junction point from whence the wire 31 iscarried to the positive side of the storage battery 32, the negativeside 01 which is connected to the w re 33 in comnunication with thenegative side of the lamps or other translating devices 31 and oneterminal 35 of the automatic switch 36. The opposite terminal 37 of thesaid switch is connected through the coil 12as indicated From a suitablepoint in.

with the negative brush of the generator 1. From the junction point 30,the wire 38 is carried to one end of the carbon pile 39, the oppositeend of which is in electrical com munication with movable member :10,communicating with the wire 4-1, which is carried to the positive sideof the translating devices 34-. The member a0 is in electriccommunication with one end of the carbon pile 12, the opposite end ofwhich is connected as by wire t8 with the auxiliary brush it of thegenerator 1. The member 40 is carried by the pivoted lever d5 nor mallydrawn in such direction by spring 4:6 as to tend to increase thepressure upon the pile 39 and decrease the pressure upon the pile i2.The lever 45 is provided with an iron core 54:, surrounded by thesolenoid 457, which, when energized, tends to lift the core in suchmanner as to decreasethe pressure upon the pile 39 and increase thepressure on the pile $2. One end of thesolenoid r? is connected with thewire 41; the other end is carried to one end of the small carbon pile4:8, the opposite end of which is in electrical communication with thelever L9 which is electrically connected as by wire with the wire 33.The lever 49 is normally drawn downwardly by the adjustable spring insuch manner as to decrease the pressure upon the pile s8 and increaseits resistance, while the limit of motion that can be caused by thespring 50 may be adjusted by the adjustable screw 51. The lever a9 isprovided with an iron core 52, surrounded by solenoid 53 in shunt acrossthe translation circuit. Energization of the coil tends to lift the core52 in such manner as to compress the carbons as and lower the resistancethereof.

The operation of my invention is substantially as follows :If thedynamo, Figs. 1 and 2, be started, current will flow from the positivebrush 2 through the field 3. carbon pile and return to the generator andthe field will build up in a well known manner. Current will also flowthrough wire 8, coil 6, wire 9, to the generator .and I so adjust thespring 7 that when the maximum desired voltage is reached across thegenerator the pressure upon the pile 4 will be reduced and itsresistance increased in such manner that this voltage will not beexceeded by the generator. If the generator voltage be brought up tothat point at which the switch 20 in Fig. 1, or the s *itch 36 in Fig.2, be set to close and if this voltbe in excess of the voltage of thestorage battery shown in the respective figures, current will flow tothe respective batteries aswill hereinafter be more fully explained. Inpractice, I find it advisable to so adjust these switches that they willopen and close at substantially the battery voltage and it is obviousthat any preferred form of such switches may be employed which willperform this function. As many such switches are Well known in the artand the particular type thereof forms no part of my present invention, Ihave shown automatic switches operated by a simple shunt coil for thesake of simplicity merely to indicate that said switches are automaticand operated by difference of potential across the generator. In thesystem shown in Fig. 1, the battery charging current above mentionedwill flow from the brush 2, through the lead 13, battery 14, switch 20,lead 21 and coil 12 to the generator, and this current will not at anytime exceed a predetermined limit owing to the action of the coil 12upon the resistance 4:. *With the lamps or other translating devices 18thrown on, current will also flow from the generator, through carbonpile 15. member 16, wire 17 to the positive side of the translatingdevices from which return is made through the main 19. I nowso adjustthe spring 26 that if the voltage now impressed upon the generatorcircuit be equal or less than that desired across the translatingdevices, the spring 26 will hold thecarbon pile 15 tightly compacted andits resistance at a minimum. This will increase the resistance 2% to itsmaximum and if this be properly designed, the wire may be consideredunder these conditions as open circuited, for all practical purposes. Itnow, the voltage across the generator circuit shall rise, for example asthe generator speed increases, the charging of the battery proceeds, andthe voltage across the translating devices tends to increase beyond thatdesired, the coil 78 and the parts operated thereby are so arranged thatthe sprin 26 will yield and the coil 28 will cause the core 27 to beraised and the resistance of the pile 15 gradually increased in suchmanner as to tend to cut down the voltage upon the translation circuit.The pile 2% is so arranged that this action of the coil 28 will, at theproper time, increase the pressure upon the pile 24c and decrease theresistance thereof as the resistance of the pile 15 is increased and inthis way shift the load of the translating circuit from across the fullbattery circuit to across a portion of the battery havin a lower voltagethan the entire battery. n this way the voltage across the translationcircuit is held from rising beyond its predetermined limit as above deascribed. If the voltage of the generator now fall, the voltage upon thetranslation circuit will 'be held at the normal, as a cycle the reverse.of the above outlined will be carried out.

In the system shown in Fig. 2, if the translating devices 3% be incircuit current will flow from the junction point 30, through wire 38,carbon pile 39, member 40, Wire 41, translating devices 34 to wire 33.Current will also tend to flow from the wire 41 through the coil 47,resistance 4:8, lever -19 and wire 55 to lead 33 and current will alsoflow through solenoid 53. If the voltage across the generator circuitbeequal or below the normal voltage desired across the translating devicesI so adjust the spring 50 and the screw 51 that there will be veryslight pressure upon the carbon pile l8 and the resistance of the saidcoil will be high, then the current in the winding 47 will be quitesmall and I adjust the spring 46 so that the maximum pressure is exertedupon the pile 39 which will then have its minimum resistance. Underthese conditions the pile 42 will have its maximum resistance and thesaid pile is so arranged that under these conditions this resistancemay, for all practical purposes, be consid ered as an open circuit. Ifnow, the volt age across the generator circuit shall rise, the voltageacross the translating devices will also tend to rise and the coil 53and the mechanism operated thereby is so arranged that this rise abovethe normal will move the lever &9 against the action of the spring 50and compress the pile 4:8 and reduce its resistance. This will increasethe current in the coil 47, which in turn, will lift the lever -15against the action of spring 16 and increase the resistance 39 in suchmanner as tohold the voltage on the translation circuit substantiallyconstant. At a proper point in the motion of the lower 45, theresistance of the pile L2 will be greatly reduced and may be consideredalmost negligible under certain conditions at which time, the resistanceof 39 will be considerable and very little current will flowtherethrough. At this time most of the current supplied to thetranslating devices will flow from the auxiliary brush 14;, through wire43, carbon pile a2, member 40 and wire 4:1 and as this current is tappedfrom a brush upon the commutator at a point of lower voltage than themain positive brush, and the voltage of which may be readily adjusted byselecting the proper position of the brush 14, the lamps or othertranslating devices may be fed at a considerably lower voltage than thatnecessary to charge the battery without having in series therein aresistance of such value as will cause appreciable loss or trouble inthe manner of the dissipation of heat. If now, the voltage across thetranslating devices shall fall, a cycle the reverse of the aboveoutlined will be gone through and the translation circuit main 41 willbe in effect, gradually shifted from connection with the brush 4A toconnection with the brush 2 in an obvious manner.

From the foregoing, it will be plain that I have produced a means forholding the voltage upon a translation circuit substantially constantthroughout the rise necessary to charge a storagebattery which may becharged from a generator supplying also the said translation circuitwithout making such regulation wholly dependent upon the dissipation ofthe energy due to the diflerence of potential of the respective circuitsin the form of heat. Thus I have produced a simple and more elficientsystem for this purpose. I t p I do not wish in any way to limit myselfto the details shown in the accompanying drawing, which is a merediagrammatic representation of two types of system embodying myinvention, for it is obvious that wide departures may be made thereinwithout departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, which is asset forth in the following claims 1. A system of electric regulationcomprising a pair of sources of electrical energy; a circuit to besupplied thereby and means responsive to the voltage of said circuit forgoverning the voltage across said circuit; said means comprising devicesfor regulating the effect of one source and correspondingly andsimultaneously regulating the effect of the other of said sources.

2. A system of electric regulation comprising a battery and a dynamo; acircuit to be supplied by said battery and said dynamo; and meansconnected to said circuit and controlled by the voltage across the samefor governing the voltage across said circuit; said means comprising aplurality of resistances connected to said battery and dynamo anddevices acting to increase the effect of one of said'resistances whiledecreasing the effect of the other. e

3. A system of electric regulation comprehending a pair of sources ofelectrical energy; a circuit to be supplied thereby; a regulatingelement in circuit with one of said sources; another regulating elementin I circuit with a portion of the other of said sources; and meansactuated by the voltage across said circuit for controlling said regulating elements so as to keep the voltage across said circuitsubstantially constant.

4. A system of electric regulation comprehending a pair of sources ofelectrical energy consisting of a battery and a dynamo;

age upon the translation circuit comprising a voltage regulating elementconnecting the translation circuit with the generator; a voltageregulating element connecting the translation circuit with a point ofthe system having lower voltage than across the generator circuit; andmeans for actuating said voltage regulating elements in response tovoltage fluctuations across the translation circuit.

(3. An electric system comprehending a generator; a storage batterycharged thereby; a translation circuit and means for controlling thevoltage upon the translation circuit comprising a voltage regulatingelement connecting the translation circuit with the generator circuit; avoltage regulating element connecting the translation circuit with apoint of the system having lower voltage than across the generatorcircuit; and means for actuating said elements so as to increase theettect of one while decreasing the effect of the other, in order to keepthe voltage across the translation circuit constant.

7. An electric system comprising a source of current; means fordelivering current therefrom at different voltages; a translationcircuit; voltage-controlling means in circuit with the first means; andautomatic means governed by conditions in the translation circuit foroperating the said controlling means.

8. An electric system comprising a source of current; means forconducting current therefrom; means for conducting current from saidsource of a different voltage with respect to the first means;controlling means in circuit with both of said conducting means; andautomatic means governed by working conditions for operating thecontrolling means.

9. A system of electric regulation comprising a source ,of current inthe translation circuit, said source including a battery, a variable.resistance connected with said translation circuit, a tap connected withsaid battery, a second variable resistance connected to said tap and thesaid translation circuit, and means for controlling both saidresistances in accordance with conditions in the translation circuit.

10. A system of electric regulation com prising a battery and a dynamo;a translation circuit; a variable resistance connected with saidtranslation circuit; -a variable resistance connected with a portion ofthe battery and the said translation circuit; and means for controllingboth of said resistances in accordance with ,conditionsin said circuit.

11 A system of electric regulation comprising a battery; a dynamo; atranslation circuit; a variable resistance having one end connected tothe battery and dynamo and the other end connected to the translationcircuit; a second variable resistance having one end connected to aportion of the battery and the other end connected to the translationcircuit; and means for simultaneously controlling said resistances inresponse to voltage fluctuations ,across the translation circuit.

JOHN L. CREVELING.

lVitnesses M. Hnnsnovn'z, A. E. Tunas.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of l'atents, Washington, D. 0."

